En ce qui concerne un pot rempli de liquide qui a été touché par un tevul yom , si le liquide est terumah [une partie d'une récolte donnée à un kohen qui devient sacré lors de la séparation et ne peut être consommée que par les kohanim ou leur ménage], le le liquide est invalidé [c'est-à-dire impur] et le pot est pur; et si le liquide est de la chullin [un produit ou un aliment qui n'est pas sanctifié et qui est autorisé pour la consommation générale], tout est pur. Si quelqu'un a les mains souillées [c'est-à-dire impures, quand il a touché les liquides dans le pot], tout est impur. C'est un cas où les mains [souillées] ont une plus grande rigueur qu'un tevul yom . Et un cas où un tevul yom a une plus grande rigueur que les mains [souillées] est celui avec un statut incertain en tant que tevul yom invalide terumah , mais une incertitude concernant les mains [souillées] est considérée comme pure.
Bartenura on Mishnah Tevul Yom
המשקים פסולים – that a person who has immersed himself that day/Tevul Yom invalidates the heave-offering/priest’s due alone, but he does not make it susceptible to ritual defilement, and even liquids, for all that invalidates the heave-offering/priest’s due defiles liquids to be first [degree of ritual uncleanness] except for the person who has immersed himself that day/Tevul Yom. Therefore, the cooking pot is ritually pure, for the liquids that touched/came in contact with the Tevul Yom, even foods do not defile, and all the more so, vessels/utensils,
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English Explanation of Mishnah Tevul Yom
A pot which was full of liquid and a tevul yom touched it: If it is terumah, the liquid is disqualified, but the pot is clean. But if the liquid is non-sacred [hullin] then all remains clean. As we have learned, a tevul yom disqualifies liquids but he does not cause them to be defiled. So a tevul yom who touches liquid in a pot, the liquids themselves are disqualified (if they are terumah), but they don't have the power to defile the pot. And if the liquids are not terumah, then all is clean, because as we learned in yesterday's mishnah, a tevul yom does not defile non-sacred liquids.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Tevul Yom
but if the liquid was non-consecrated, everything is ritually pure, for a person who has immersed himself that day is pure for non-consecrated produce and for tithes.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Tevul Yom
If his hands were defiled [and he touched the liquids in the pot], all becomes unclean. In contrast, defiled hands (the topic of the next tractate) do defile liquids. These liquids will now in turn defile the pot in which they are in.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Tevul Yom
ואם היו ידיו מסואבות הכל טמא (but if his hands were dirty/unwashed, everything is ritually impure) – for hands make the heave-offering/priest’s due unfit, and when the liquids were ritually defiled on account of the [dirty] hands, they returned to be first [degree of ritual uncleanness] and defile vessels.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Tevul Yom
This is a case defiled hands are treated more stringently than a tevul yom. But a greater stringency is applied to a tevul yom than to defiled hands, since a doubtful tevul yom disqualifies terumah, but doubts with regard to defiled hands are clean. The mishnah now compares the halakhot governing defiled liquids with those governing defiled hands. In the above matter defiled hands were treated more stringently than the tevul yom. However, there is another halakhah in which tevul yom is treated more stringently than defiled hands. Any case of doubt regarding the tevul yom is treated stringently. For instance, if we are not sure if a tevul yom touched something of terumah, the terumah cannot be eaten. However, if a person has unclean hands and we are not sure if he touched something, the thing remains pure.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Tevul Yom
שספק טבול יום פוסל את התרומה – as for example two loaves before him, it is doubtful whether he came in contact with it/touched it or did not come in contact with it/touched it, that in that manner with ritually pure hands, but a person who had immersed himself that day invalidated them/made them unfit.
